๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

๐ŸŒด Course Review (Master)4

MLE์˜ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋œป๊ณผ ์ถ”์ •๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•. KL Divergence์™€ MLE์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ Maximum Likelihood Estimation Likelihood function์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ํ•ด์„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ด€์ธก์น˜๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์ธ๋ฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ’(์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ’ == Likelihood)์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด MLE ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต MLE๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ๋•Œ Log ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” Logํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์ˆ˜ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ์กด ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธํƒ€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ Log ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณฑ์…ˆ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Binomial Distribution์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด.. 2024. 3. 7.
๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ•™์Šต์—์„œ Estimation์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์  ์ด์œ . Parametric Estimation์ด๋ž€? Motivation for MLE ๋งŒ์ผ ๋™์ „์„ ๋˜์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ ๋™์ „์˜ ์•ž๋ฉด์ด ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ํ™•๋ฅ ์„ x ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž. 10๋ฒˆ ๋˜์กŒ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ž๋ฉด์ด 7๋ฒˆ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ๋’ท๋ฉด์ด 3๋ฒˆ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ x๋Š” 0.7 ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ํ™•๋ฅ ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๋ก ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€? ์ด ์ถ”๋ก  ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๊ด€์ธก(Observation) ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋” (Parameter)๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŒจํ„ด(Pattern)์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” The Most likely probability model์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” Supervised Learning์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต label ์—†์ด ์ž…๋ ฅ๊ฐ’ x์™€ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๊ฐ’ y์˜ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” Unsupervised Learning.. 2024. 3. 7.
Primitive Transformation ์„ฑ์งˆ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„์˜ ๊ธ€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด Cartesian Coordinate ๋Œ€์‹  Homogeneous Coordinate๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” Transformation์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Primitive Transformation (Translation, Rotation, Scaling) ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž„์˜์˜ ์ง€์  P1์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ Rotation์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”? ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์ ์€ ์›์ ์œผ๋กœ Translation์„ ํ•œ ๋’ค ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๋„ θ ๋งŒํผ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์›๋ž˜์˜ ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ Translation์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ Primitiveํ•œ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งŒ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ถ• (x-axis, y-axis)์ด ํšŒ์ „๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”.. 2024. 3. 4.
Homogeneous Coordinate๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ  Homogeneous Coordinate๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” Computer Graphics์™€ 3D Vision๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค์ฐจ์› ๋ฌผ์ฒด์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” Geometric Transformation๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ 3๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1. Changing the position of points 2. Translation, scaling, Rotation 3. Animating object and camera ์ด ์ค‘์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” 2๋ฒˆ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” Matrix Transformation๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ด๊ด„์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ Translation (ํ‰ํ–‰ ์ด๋™) ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2์ฐจ์› ํ‰๋ฉด ์ƒ์—์„œ x, y ์ขŒํ‘œ์— dx, dy ๋งŒํผ ๋”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋™์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด.. 2024. 3. 4.